<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" version="2.0"><channel><title><![CDATA[PNAS 研究：2024 年全球男性生育率首次低于女性，人口性别失衡是主因]]></title><description><![CDATA[<p dir="auto">奥斯陆大学、马克斯·普朗克人口研究所与联合国人口司研究人员联合在《美国国家科学院院刊》（PNAS）发表研究，揭示一个人口学历史性转折点：2024 年，全球男性总生育率首次低于女性——此前数千年间，由于女性在育龄期死亡率更高、女婴出生比例更低，男性的终身子女数平均多于女性。论文通讯作者 Vegard Fykse Skirbekk 解释，驱动这一反转的核心机制是全球男性在人口中所占比例持续上升：出生性别比一直偏向男性（约 106 名男婴对 100 名女婴），而在部分国家性别选择性堕胎进一步放大了这一偏差；与此同时，男性死亡率显著下降，意味着&quot;过剩&quot;的男婴如今大多能存活至育龄，导致整体男性群体数量相对增大、平均摊下来每人所育子女数更少。研究使用联合国《世界人口展望》数据及间接人口统计方法对近 200 个国家进行分析，发现这一转折在各国发生的时间节点不同，与各地人口结构变迁的快慢密切相关。</p>
<p dir="auto">研究团队强调，这一发现并不直接说明男性&quot;更不愿生育&quot;，而是一个结构性的算术结果：当育龄男性的绝对数量超过育龄女性时，平均每名男性的子女数必然下降。然而从社会影响层面看，无伴侣状态的男性比例上升、男性无子女率攀升的趋势将对老年赡养、婚育模式及劳动力代际更替产生深远影响。研究团队预测，这一女性生育率高于男性的格局将在未来数十年持续。</p>
<p dir="auto"><a href="https://www.uio.no/english/research/research-news/articles/2026/men-now-have-fewer-children-than-women.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow ugc">University of Oslo</a> | <a href="https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2533317123" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow ugc">PNAS</a></p>
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        Men now have fewer children than women
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        Men now have fewer children than women
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<p class="card-text line-clamp-3">For the first time in the history of mankind, men are less fertile than women, according to a new international study.</p>
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